Popularization of 5G-A High-power Base Station
RF Circulators Build Core Barrier for PA Protection & Unidirectional Signal Transmission
An RF circulator is a three-port irreversible ferrite passive component with unidirectional signal transmission feature, fixed transmission path: Port1→Port2→Port3. It realizes intelligent switching of TX/RX channel, reflected power isolation and multi-port circuit protection. Different from single-port isolator, circulator integrates signal switching and loop protection, which is indispensable for AAU power amplifier and antenna feeder link.
1. Unidirectional Control: Guide RF signal fixed transmission, separate TX and RX loop to avoid bidirectional crosstalk; 2. PA Critical Protection: Isolate high-power reflected signal from antenna and load, prevent power amplifier burnout and reduce equipment maintenance rate; 3. Multi-port Multiplexing: Realize antenna TX/RX switching, simplify RF structure matching with filters and duplexers; 4. Network Stability: Optimize system VSWR value, weaken feeder standing wave fluctuation, ensure stable transmitting power all weather.
Current Most Widely Used Band: Sub-6GHz Band n41 (2496MHz–2690MHz)
Band n41 is China’s mainstream 5G TDD golden band, covering urban, suburban and rural networking scenarios, compatible with macro base station, integrated micro station and rooftop distributed station. With 5G-A 200MHz broadband upgrading, it owns the largest demand of high-power circulators, widely used for operator new construction and stock renovation projects.
Existing Industry Pain Points
With 5G-A power upgrading, traditional circulators cannot bear high power, easily causing PA burnout under lightning strike and feeder short circuit; low reverse isolation leads to reflected clutter interference; ferrite performance declines under high humidity, frost and extreme temperature, bringing higher insertion loss; poor batch consistency causes abnormal standing wave and base station power limitation.
3. Our n41 Circulator Solution
① Custom high-power ferrite core, 300W continuous power, 800W peak power, matched with 5G-A high-grade PA; ② Port reverse isolation ≥22dB, fully block reflected wave to protect PA module; ③ Ultra-low insertion loss ≤0.25dB, reduce link energy consumption; ④ IP67 integrated waterproof packaging, working stably from -45℃ to +80℃, anti-aging and moisture-proof; ⑤ Standard flange/SMD interface, compatible with domestic AAU/RU equipment, spot stock for bulk tender order.
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Solve four core pain points including PA burnout, strong reflected interference, environmental failure and excessive standing wave. Suitable for nationwide TDD base station construction and expansion, reduce after-sales maintenance cost and improve base station operating efficiency.
Future Cutting-edge Band For 2026 & Beyond: 6G Millimeter Wave FR2 Band n258 (27.5GHz–28.35GHz)
Global 6G millimeter wave pilot will be launched in 2026. Band n258 is unified global 6G core millimeter wave band, applied for holographic communication, vehicle-road coordination, low-altitude networking and industrial metaverse interconnection, with over 10Gbps transmission rate. Miniature millimeter circulator is essential component for next-generation RF front-end.
2.Cutting-edge Technical Bottlenecks
① Severe high-frequency electromagnetic loss causes excessive insertion loss of ordinary ferrite circulators, shortening transmission distance; ② Traditional bulky structure cannot adapt to 6G chip-scale integrated array; ③ Isolation performance decays rapidly under high frequency, causing array channel crosstalk; ④ High precision processing threshold leads to poor batch consistency, hard for mass commercial production.
3. Our Exclusive n258 Millimeter Wave Circulator Advantages
① Nano high-frequency ferrite material, insertion loss ≤0.4dB, extend millimeter wave coverage distance; ② Chip-scale packaging, 60% smaller size, fit 6G integrated RF array module; ③ Anti-interference shielding structure, static isolation ≥25dB, eliminate array channel crosstalk; ④ Micron integrated processing, full batch temperature calibration, zero electrical parameter drift; ⑤ Supporting matched isolators, connectors and test cables for 6G pilot RF link.
Solve three core millimeter wave bottlenecks including high-frequency loss, mini integration and array anti-interference, match 6G commercial iteration from 2026 to 2030, support domestic millimeter wave RF localization for telecom OEMs.
Our full-series base station circulators cover 4G/5G Sub-6GHz bands and 6G millimeter wave bands, equipped with supporting isolators, filters, duplexers, power dividers, couplers, RF connectors and test cables. Customization on power, size and interface is available, with complete VNA test reports. Welcome telecom manufacturers, base station integrators and research institutes for sample test and long-term cooperation.